Author: Tanya

  • Only choking

    A study reported on the Guardian environment pages today shows the link between children’s exposure to particles from vehicle exhausts and the likelihood of their developing pneumonia.   The research was carrried out by Professor Jonathan Grigg, who has studied the effects of air pollution upon children across the world, including indoor air pollution from stoves in developing countries.  He says, according to the article, that the risk of a child’s developing pneumonia could be up to 65% higher if he or she lives within a hundred metres of a major road.  Though we think of it as a condition of the elderly, around 20,000 children in the UK are admitted to hospital with pneumonia every year.  Of these, around seventy will die.  In 2008, for example, seventy-six people under the age of twenty died of pneumonia here – fifty-two of them babies and toddlers of three or under.  Even my arithmetic can work out that’s one a week. 

     

    This is Barbara Maher of Lancaster University talking last year on the BBC website about exhaust particulates.  Unfortunately, small children don’t usually get the chance to take the wise precautions she recommends – especially when they are strapped into a car seat or buggy just at the height where particulate levels are most intense.  

    Professor Grigg, who is hereby awarded the inaugural Decombustion Good Egg of the Week Award,  is hoping to set up a Centre for Children’s Environmental Health, the first in this country.  It shouldn’t cost more than a few lorryloads of swine flu vaccine…

  • A question of balance

    This afternoon  I was packing M&S goodies into my rucksack and the dry bag I use on the back rack in this inclement weather (both from Alpkit, by the way, and surviving well, both around town and at Glastonbury) when the nice man at the checkout (Marks in Enniskillen have remarkably nice people at their checkouts) asked whether I wasn’t afraid that it would make my bike very wobbly to ride.

    Now of all the myriad things I worry about, instability owing to moderate grocery haulage hasn’t so far featured very prominently.  Of course there have been times when I’ve been carried away by spatial optimism, overriding the little brain mechanism that tells me pretty infallably how much I can fit on my back and carrier, and ended up having to balance an evil carrier bag on the handlebars.  This isn’t recommended,  even apart from environmental considerations, unless the journey from the supermarket to your house is a gentle and unbroken curve with no need to stop, start again or turn in any radical manner.  But this was an extremely moderate load, undertaken primarily to use this week’s £5 off voucher and including no additional bags nor any ironing board, oil painting* or other sail-like structure liable to catch the prevailing wind and lead me where I would not go.  In these happy circumstances, so long as the bag is well bungeed to the rack and is itself strong enough to bear its contents (a post from eighteen months ago or so recounts my picking up potatoes from the middle of the road escapades),  there’s no reason for any unusual wobbles.

    Front carriers can be a bit trickier, as we found when G and I rode hired bikes with front baskets to the Co-op  in Lucca and filled them with Tavernello and parmigiano.  Distinct meanderings there, and we hadn’t even broached the wine cartons… I suppose it’s simply the fact that anything on the front compromises the handlebars, whereas at the back the worst it can do is weigh down your back wheel so that, with a heavy load, you can relax at the traffic lights and find your front wheel making a bid for the stars.

    A bit like this. The bike pictures, by the way, on this and the last post are from Jan Boonstra’s amazing collection of bicycle gifs.

    *As we once (in Italy, of course) saw being transported by bike, under the rider’s arm.

  • The Tale of the Muttons Part IV

    Just as the whales were getting really nervous, certain enterprising Unmerry Ones began digging in the ground for a new liquid* which they called “Oy y’all!” after the cry they uttered upon finding it. Oy y’all had, like Cole, taken hundreds of millions of years to form, and had once been tiny creatures and algae that had fallen to the prehistoric ocean floor and been buried under mud and sediment. Like Cole, it contained enormous reserves of energy, and like Cole, it was sold and burned as quickly as it could be pumped out of the ground. With the help of government tax breaks (not to be the last) Oy y’all, suitably refined, soon became the fuel of choice for Mutton lamps and lubrication.

    There was one annoying by-product of the refining process, an extremely nasty form of Oy y’all which the Unmerry Ones called Gaz O’Lean and the Angry-Sackmen called Pet Roll. This stuff was too revolting for any use except to kill lice on Mutton children’s heads (what became of the children is not recorded) and most of it ended up being dumped in streams and rivers. This was irritating to the Oy y’all barons, not because they cared particularly what happened to streams and rivers (most of them would soon have their own swimming pools) but because the Gaz O’Lean wasn’t making them any money. Something would have to be done about that.

    Meanwhile, back in the Old World, a quiet revolution was taking place. Two revolutions, to be exact, one a foot or so behind the other. For a long time far-sighted members of the flock had been toying with the idea of a Mutton-powered wheeled method of personal transport. They had begun by simply making a model of one of their four-legged friends, adding wheels where its hooves would have been, and scooting the contraption along with their feet. This had the dual effect of wearing out their shoes far more quickly than ordinary walking would have done, and of creating great hilarity among the Mutton onlookers.

    But the visionaries were not down-hearted (a little bruised from time to time, but not downhearted) and over time they gradually got rid of the more anthropomorphic aspects of the contraption, replacing the animal’s body with a simple triangular framework, discarding two of the four wheels and adding pedals, brakes and air-filled tyres. The machine was no longer a hobby-horse, pedestrian curricle or velocipede; it was a Byk, and everybody wanted one. Even the Angry-Sackmen’s queen, a less bellicose monarch than old Bus, ordered a specimen of the three-wheeled variant to pedal herself around the palace gardens.

    It wasn’t queens, though, or even the writers, artists and philosophers who took up Byking with such eccentric enthusiasm, who benefited most from the new invention. For the first time, ordinary Muttons, who could never have afforded to buy or look after a saddled animal of their own, could travel significantly further and faster than their feet could carry them. The Byk was, and still is, the most efficient form of Mutton transport ever, was cheap to buy and didn’t need stabling, feeding or rubbing down when it got too hot. The combination of the Byk and cheap train travel meant that city-dwelling Muttons no longer had to live in huddled hovels close to their workplaces; they could move out a few miles to healthier, more spacious houses where their children could breathe clean air and drink clean water. In the countryside, Muttons could Byk beyond their own villages in search of love, ending centuries of enfeebling inbreeding.

    For female Muttons the Byk was especially liberating; suddenly they were throwing away the ridiculous tent-like contraptions they had been clothed in and exploring the world beyond the chaperonage of their fathers and husbands.

    Of course, not everyone liked the Byk, least of all the wealthiest of male Muttons. What was the point of being stinking rich if it didn’t mean that you could travel further and faster than the slightly smelly poor? Where was the great benefit of masculinity if mere females were to revel in the same freedoms? Worst of all, the Byk was losing them money. More and more young Muttons were spending their free time pedalling about the countryside, spending almost nothing except a few pennies on a bit of bread and cheese. Sales of tobacco, alcohol and other luxuries were plummeting. There was money to be made in Byks themselves, of course, but it wasn’t the kind of easy pickings that the rich Muttons liked, not like the money gushing out of the ground in the form of Oy’all. Indeed, the name of one Oy’all-dealing Mutton, known as Flockaseller for his habit of bankrupting his neighbours, had already become synonymous with obscene and frankly ridiculous levels of wealth. There had to be something that Flockaseller and his cronies could do to get ordinary Muttons off their Byks and back to the important business of spending money they couldn’t afford on stuff they didn’t need. And if that something could involve getting rid of the unpleasant, unwanted Gaz O’Lean, so much the better.

    *New to them, that was; other, quieter Muttons had been using it for four thousand years or so.

  • The Tale of the Muttons Part III

    Meanwhile, a couple of hundred years earlier, certain of the Angry-Sackmen and their neighbours, who were being persecuted or oppressed or just felt like a change of scene, had taken to the big boats and travelled across the ocean.  There they reached a place they called the New World, though it had probably been there as long as the rest of the planet.  It was a green and fertile country full of  wholesome plants, diverse wildlife and peaceful Muttons who didn’t know about gunpowder or chicken-pox.
    So very soon the travellers stopped being persecuted and oppressed and learned how to do a bit of p&o on their own account.  They became known as the Unmerry Ones, probably due to indigestion after eating the bison and wild turkeys.  The Unmerry Ones were a bit behind the Angry-Sackmen when it came to burning Cole, partly because they had inherited half a continent of virgin woodland and partly because a few million darker skinned Muttons had very kindly crossed the ocean to help out with the harvest.
    But they were soon to catch up, with the help of some more ancient black stuff. It all started quietly enough.  For many centuries, especially since reading in bed had caught on, the Muttons had been experimenting with different ways of lighting their buildings.  They’d tried various vegetable oils, beeswax, tallow and lard (more inconvenience for their four-legged neighbours), alcohol, turpentine and whale blubber (most unfortunate of all for the whales, who were almost extinct on the planet after a few years).
  • The Tale of the Muttons Part II

    The Angry-Sackmen had two main interests in life: selling things and fighting.  Their success in combining these was really quite impressive.  They could fight other tribes, steal all their stuff and then sell it back to them; fight other tribes because they wouldn’t buy the Angry-Sackmen’s stuff and even sell weapons to other tribes then fight them in order to get the weapons back again.  This was called making the planet a safer place.

    Unfortunately, since the Angry-Sackmen lived on an island, all this selling and fighting needed a lot of big boats, and by the time of Good Queen Bus, who had a particular grudge against the nearby Spangles* the forests on the island were looking somewhat bald.  The rich therefore decided that the black stuff, which was now known as Cole, wasn’t so utterly infra dig after all, so long as it was only the servants who actually had to touch it.

    Over the next few centuries, quite a lot changed for the Angry-Sackmen.  They found lots of new ways to make stuff and kill things (mainly other Muttons, but they also liked to find species that looked in danger of dying out and make quite sure of it).  Many of these new techniques had actually been used by other tribes for thousands of years, but because they lived in different parts of the planet and weren’t quite so keen on selling and fighting, the new ideas hadn’t reached the Angry-Sackmen before. Or sometimes the other Muttons had told the Angry-Sackmen all about their discoveries but the Angry-Sackmen hadn’t listened.  (The stories say that this was because the other Muttons had different coloured skins or  different names for their Divine Being, but I don’t expect you to believe anything quite as preposterous as that.  There must have been some rational reason that’s been lost in the translation. )

    One of the things that the other Muttons had known about for hundreds of years was Cole, and how useful it could be, not only for keeping their homes warm but also for heating up metal to make things. It took the Angry-Sackmen a while to grasp the idea, but once they did, they certainly made up for lost time.

    The interesting thing about Cole was that it was old; really, really old, far older than the Muttons themselves.  It had once, long ago, been simply masses of individual plants, but over hundreds of millions of years, covered with water and mud, the plants had  transformed themselves into this extraordinary rock.  You might expect that the Muttons, once they realized this, would have been stunned by the antiquity of Cole compared to their own short history, overawed by its power and potential and fascinated by the series of miracles that had brought it about.

    Nah.  They just wanted to get it out of the ground and burned up as quickly as possible.  This didn’t always prove that easy.  To get hold of good quality Cole, the Muttons had to dig deep pits in their planet and go down with primitive tools to chop it out.  It was a dangerous business, with poisonous gases, tunnels ever likely to collapse, unexpected fires and underground watercourses ready to flood the mines and drown the Muttons working there.  It was in trying to suck this water out of the mines that the Muttons first used their latest invention: the Stee Men Djinn.

    (click to see the Stee Men Djinn in action)

    The jolly wheeze with the Stee Men Djinn, from the point of view of mine-owning Muttons, was that not only did it dry their pits, but it required lots and lots of Cole to keep it going.  Within a few years the Muttons were using the Djinn for everything; in their big boats, in self-powered coaches that ran on rails, and most of all in machines that could make more and more stuff to sell.  It  could make every dream come true; at least for the rich Muttons, the ones who owned the factories and travelled first class on the railways and steamships.  For the others, those sweating down in the mines and suffocating in the ceaseless factories, things weren’t quite so jolly.  But it was all Progress, and only the muddiest of sheep would bleat a complaint.  The Angry-Sackmen, despite being such a tiny island,  led the way in adoration of the Djinn; during what they called their nineteenth century they burned nearly half of all the Cole used anywhere on the planet.

    *Her idea of a jolly dare was to send her boyfriends out to steal the Spangles’ stuff-laden boats. If they did it nicely, she made them into Knits; if not they were known as P’rats and forced to converse with parrots and drink quantities of rum quite in excess of the government’s recommended levels.

  • The Tale of the Muttons Part I

    Once upon a time, on a planet something like our own,  there lived a dominant species.  We might call them the Muttons, as they were inclined towards woolly thinking and tended to follow one another into awkward places.

    The Muttons walked on only two of their limbs, which was quite an advantage, as it meant that they could use the other two for wielding tools and carrying things.  They soon found, however, that carrying things was rather like hard work.  Even so early in their history, the Muttons had developed a general distaste for work and so they were much heartened by a couple of discoveries made by the proto-intellectuals of the flock.

    The first discovery was that, by bribery, threats and a certain lack of imaginative sympathy, the Muttons could persuade other, usually four-legged, species to carry things for them.  What was more, some of the more suggestible species were even cajoled into carrying the Muttons themselves, including those who were quite big enough to walk.

    The second thing the Muttons found out was that discs and spheres were a lot easier than other shapes to push along the ground.  It followed, as one ewe after another, that things balanced on top of circular shapes were also easy to move, and that things balanced on top of circles pulled along by four-legged species were a positive doddle, leaving the Muttons plenty of time to develop the alternative pastimes of warfare, poetry and recreational drugs.

    With the benefit of these innovations, along with a few minor serendipities to do with travelling across snow (sledges and very hairy four-legged species) and water (sails, oars and fellow Muttons unfortunate enough to have been born into the wrong tribe), transport, agriculture and trade trogged along quite happily for many millennia.  And, for the rare occasions when the Muttons weren’t out moving things around, they had come across a third Useful Thing which was to make their home lives a good deal jollier.

    This, as the astute reader will no doubt have guessed, was fire.  Fire kept away the less amenable of the planet’s co-inhabitants, warmed the chilly Muttons in winter, helped them to see in the dark and  enhanced the variety and taste of their cooking, which had previously consisted of variations on the theme of salad.  Fire required fuel, but for the first couple of hundred thousand years there were plenty of trees on the planet, which could be cut down and cheerfully burned.  A few Muttons found lumps of black stuff in the earth which burned more slowly and quietly than wood, but among the tribe we know best, the Angry-Sackmen, the grubby black stuff was left to the poor, who couldn’t afford to be finicky about their fingernails.
  • Snow on snow

    One advantage of not having a car is that, though we’re generally more aware of the weather than motorists, its fluctuations don’t make a huge difference to our lives.   The boys walk to school just as usual, albeit remembering their coats for a change, M cycles across to the business unit where we keep our stock and I occasionally stir myself to walk into town, though I’m being cowardly and leaving the bike behind at the moment.  We’ve gritted a path down the drive with wood ash from the fire which seems effective (I don’t like the idea of all this salt being washed into the streams and hedgerows) and are getting on as usual, with a few more layers.   It’s disturbing to see that so much of the response to the cold weather swings between a kind of desperate monocular business as usual (let’s get those roads gritted at any cost) and complete capitulation (my mother-in-law says that the secondary school near her in Lancashire has been closed all week).  It doesn’t bode well for the future, when we’ll have much bigger challenges to face than a few subzero temperatures, that the idea of adaptation seems so unthinkable.  There was an article in the Guardian this week about the effect of road salt on vegetation and wildlife to which one reader commented that “I have driven over hundreds of miles of roads in Eastern Europe where no salt is used at all. People drive slowly and are accustomed to coping. Sometimes some grit/gravel is used on hilly areas. This is usually sufficient to keep traffic flowing.  There is one crucial proviso: cars are fitted with snow tires!”  Meanwhile the snow is falling heavily now and I’m not feeling quite so confident as when I started this post – R is in Belfast for an audition and has to come back the eighty miles by bus.  I daresay Translink will make it, though…

  • Four wheels good, two feet not so…

    Like most of the UK, we’ve had more snow, just in time for the boys’ going back to school yesterday.  The smaller children in the road were all outside playing for most of the day – I don’t know whether the primary schools were still closed or whether their parents assumed that if they couldn’t drive the half mile or so (even the fancy 4x4s aren’t that good on ice) there wasn’t any other way of getting there.  They could have been right, for the roads were quickly cleared, though still not the pavements.  According to official statistics, 30% of households in our ward don’t have access to a car, and yet the only path down from the main housing estate (on the highest hill in town) to the shop and post office has been a sheet-glass slide since Christmas.

  • Divestment

    So the Leeds rear-ending (which incidentally demonstrated the resilience of the Nissan Primera, as not even the trifle wedged at the back of the boot suffered any injury, unlike the front of the Rover which had largely disappeared) left us with one car, the aging Jeep Cherokee.  As it was making more and more geriatric noises, we traded it in for a Nissan Serena people carrier.  According to the motoring press of the time, this was so abominable a vehicle as to scarcely deserve the title of a car at all, but it performed sterling work over the next few years, not least by taking us and assorted possessions to Italy where we lived from 2002 to 2004.  We started promptly upon the business of formally importing the car, but so interminable is the grinding of Italian bureaucracy that two years later, when we left, it still had UK number plates and an open file in a grey cabinet somewhere.  Our next peregrination was to County Clare, in the Republic of Ireland where the importation procedure, though quicker and less opaque, was still going to be a hassle and, moreover, to cost a largish chunk of the car’s remaining value.  Having spent a winter living on the edge of a mountain range in what was optimistically called a ‘farmhouse’  (in the sense that cowsheds, barns and donkey sanctuaries could be described as houses  by their more anthropomorphic occupants) the joys of remote country life were beginning to pall and it occurred to us that if we rented a house within walking distance of Ennis town centre, we could dispense with owning a car altogether.  It was worth a try, anyway; we could always buy another later if it didn’t work out.

  • 2 – 1 = a start…

    For a few years when we lived in and around Yorkshire we had two cars. It began more or less by accident, with an inherited Montego, and ended entirely so, with a shunt in the middle of Leeds from a young man in a hurry and his girlfriend’s father’s uninsured Rover. While our car was being repaired we realised that we could manage without it, asked the garage to sell it, and used part of the proceeds to buy a trio of Trek hybrid bikes for us and our eldest son and a Burleigh trailer for the little ones. M would cycle the twenty miles to York station to catch his train to work and I would occasionally, in exceptionally fine weather, take the boys to nursery in their trailer, by an idyllic path that skirted fields and went through the middle of a almost certainly enchanted wood.